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51.
Easy editing of a clothed 3D human avatar is central to many practical applications. However, it is easy to produce implausible, unnatural looking results, since subtle reshaping or pose alteration of avatars requires global consistency and agreement with human anatomy. Here, we present a parametric editing system for a clothed human body, based on use of a revised SCAPE model. We show that the parameters of the model can be estimated directly from a clothed avatar, and that it can be used as a basis for realistic, real-time editing of the clothed avatar mesh via a novel 3D body-aware warping scheme. The avatar can be easily controlled by a few semantically meaningful parameters, 12 biometric attributes controlling body shape, and 17 bones controlling pose. Our experiments demonstrate that our system can interactively produce visually pleasing results. 相似文献
52.
Using ICESat's Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) to assess large-scale forest disturbance caused by hurricane Katrina 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katelyn A. Dolan George C. Hurtt Jeffrey Q. Chambers Ralph O. Dubayah Jeffrey G. Masek 《Remote sensing of environment》2011,115(1):86-96
In 2005, hurricane Katrina resulted in a large disturbance to U.S. forests. Recent estimates of damage from hurricane Katrina have relied primarily on optical remote sensing and field data. This paper is the first large-scale study to use satellite-based lidar data to quantify changes in forest structure from that event. GLAS data for the years prior to and following hurricane Katrina were compared to wind speed, forest cover, and damage data to assess the adequacy of sensor sampling, and to estimate changes in Mean Canopy Height (MCH) over all areas that experienced tropical force winds and greater. Statistically significant decreases in MCH post-Katrina were found to increase with wind intensity: Tropical Storm ?MCH = − 0.5 m, Category 1 ?MCH = − 2 m, and Category 2 ?MCH = − 4 m. A strong relationship was also found between changes in non-photosynthetic vegetation (?NPV), a metric previously shown to be related to storm damage, and post-storm MCH. The season of data acquisition was shown to influence calculations of MCH and MCH loss, but did not preclude the detection of major large-scale patterns of damage. Results from this study show promise for using space-borne lidar for large-scale assessments of forest disturbance, and highlight the need for future data on vegetation structure from space. 相似文献
53.
Forrest G. Hall Kathleen Bergen Ralph Dubayah George Hurtt Michael Lefsky Sasan Saatchi Diane Wickland 《Remote sensing of environment》2011,115(11):2753-2775
Human and natural forces are rapidly modifying the global distribution and structure of terrestrial ecosystems on which all of life depends, altering the global carbon cycle, affecting our climate now and for the foreseeable future, causing steep reductions in species diversity, and endangering Earth's sustainability.To understand changes and trends in terrestrial ecosystems and their functioning as carbon sources and sinks, and to characterize the impact of their changes on climate, habitat and biodiversity, new space assets are urgently needed to produce high spatial resolution global maps of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of vegetation, its biomass above ground, the carbon stored within and the implications for atmospheric green house gas concentrations and climate. These needs were articulated in a 2007 National Research Council (NRC) report (NRC, 2007) recommending a new satellite mission, DESDynI, carrying an L-band Polarized Synthetic Aperture Radar (Pol-SAR) and a multi-beam lidar (Light RAnging And Detection) operating at 1064 nm. The objectives of this paper are to articulate the importance of these new, multi-year, 3D vegetation structure and biomass measurements, to briefly review the feasibility of radar and lidar remote sensing technology to meet these requirements, to define the data products and measurement requirements, and to consider implications of mission durations. The paper addresses these objectives by synthesizing research results and other input from a broad community of terrestrial ecology, carbon cycle, and remote sensing scientists and working groups. We conclude that:
- (1)
- Current global biomass and 3-D vegetation structure information is unsuitable for both science and management and policy. The only existing global datasets of biomass are approximations based on combining land cover type and representative carbon values, instead of measurements of actual biomass. Current measurement attempts based on radar and multispectral data have low explanatory power outside low biomass areas. There is no current capability for repeatable disturbance and regrowth estimates.
- (2)
- The science and policy needs for information on vegetation 3D structure can be successfully addressed by a mission capable of producing (i) a first global inventory of forest biomass with a spatial resolution 1 km or finer and unprecedented accuracy (ii) annual global disturbance maps at a spatial resolution of 1 ha with subsequent biomass accumulation rates at resolutions of 1 km or finer, and (iii) transects of vertical and horizontal forest structure with 30 m along-transect measurements globally at 25 m spatial resolution, essential for habitat characterization.
54.
Metrics for shot boundary detection in digital video sequences 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The detection of shot boundaries in video sequences is an important task for generating indexed video databases. This paper
provides a comprehensive quantitative comparison of the metrics that have been applied to shot boundary detection. In addition,
several standardized statistical tests that have not been applied to this problem, as well as three new metrics, are considered.
A mathematical framework for quantitatively comparing metrics is supplied. Experimental results based on a video database
containing 39,000 frames are included. 相似文献
55.
Towards the development of a virtual environment-based training system for mechanical assembly operations 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
John E. Brough Maxim Schwartz Satyandra K. Gupta Davinder K. Anand Robert Kavetsky Ralph Pettersen 《Virtual Reality》2007,11(4):189-206
In this paper, we discuss the development of Virtual Training Studio (VTS), a virtual environment-based training system that
allows training supervisors to create training instructions and allows trainees to learn assembly operations in a virtual
environment. Our system is mainly focused on the cognitive side of training so that trainees can learn to recognize parts,
remember assembly sequences, and correctly orient the parts during assembly operations. Our system enables users to train
using the following three training modes: (1) Interactive Simulation, (2) 3D Animation, and (3) Video. Implementing these
training modes required us to develop several new system features. This paper presents an overview of the VTS system and describes
a few main features of the system. We also report user test results that show how people train using our system. The user
test results indicate that the system is able to support a wide variety of training preferences and works well to support
training for assembly operations.
相似文献
Satyandra K. GuptaEmail: |
56.
Fast and effective feature-preserving mesh denoising 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Sun X Rosin P Martin R Langbein F 《IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics》2007,13(5):925-938
We present a simple and fast mesh denoising method, which can remove noise effectively, while preserving mesh features such as sharp edges and corners. The method consists of two stages. Firstly, noisy face normals are filtered iteratively by weighted averaging of neighboring face normals. Secondly, vertex positions are iteratively updated to agree with the denoised face normals. The weight function used during normal filtering is much simpler than that used in previous similar approaches, being simply a trimmed quadratic. This makes the algorithm both fast and simple to implement. Vertex position updating is based on the integration of surface normals using a least-squares error criterion. Like previous algorithms, we solve the least-squares problem by gradient descent, but whereas previous methods needed user input to determine the iteration step size, we determine it automatically. In addition, we prove the convergence of the vertex position updating approach. Analysis and experiments show the advantages of our proposed method over various earlier surface denoising methods. 相似文献
57.
We prove convergence in distribution for the profile (the number of nodes at each level), normalized by its mean, of random
recursive trees when the limit ratio α of the level and the logarithm of tree size lies in [0,e). Convergence of all moments
is shown to hold only for α ∈ [0,1] (with only convergence of finite moments when α ∈ (1,e)). When the limit ratio is 0 or
1 for which the limit laws are both constant, we prove asymptotic normality for α = 0 and a "quicksort type" limit law for
α = 1, the latter case having additionally a small range where there is no fixed limit law. Our tools are based on the contraction
method and method of moments. Similar phenomena also hold for other classes of trees; we apply our tools to binary search
trees and give a complete characterization of the profile. The profiles of these random trees represent concrete examples
for which the range of convergence in distribution differs from that of convergence of all moments. 相似文献
58.
Ralph VigneAuthor Vitae Juergen ManglerAuthor Vitae Erich Schikuta Author VitaeStefanie Rinderle-Ma Author Vitae 《Future Generation Computer Systems》2012,28(1):48-57
Creating simple marketplaces with common rules, that enable the dynamic selection and consumption of functionality, is the missing link to allow small businesses to enter the cloud, not only as consumers, but also as vendors. In this paper, we present the concepts behind a hybrid service and process repository that can act as the foundation for such a marketplace, as well as a prototype that allowed us to test various real-world scenarios. The advantage of a hybrid service and process repository is that, it not only holds a flat list of services, but also exposes a generic set of use cases, that it obtains information on how specific services can be used to implement the use cases as well as information to select services at run-time according to customer’s goal functions. 相似文献
59.
Youssef Bokhabrine Ralph Seulin Lew F. C. Lew Yan Voon Patrick Gorria Gouenou Girardin Miguel Gomez Daniel Jobard 《Machine Vision and Applications》2012,23(3):417-425
During industrial forging of hot metallic shells, it is necessary to regularly measure the dimensions of the parts, especially
the inner and outer diameters and the thickness of the walls. A forging sequence lasts 2 h or more during which the diameter
of the shell is regularly measured in order to decide when to stop the forging process. For better working conditions, for
the safety of the blacksmiths, and for a faster and more accurate measurement, we have developed a novel system based on two
commercially available time of flight laser scanners for the measurement of the diameters of hot cylindrical metallic shells
during the forging process. The advantages of using laser scanners are that they can be placed very far from the hot shell,
more than 15 m, while at the same time giving an accurate point cloud from which three-dimensional views of the shell can
be reconstructed and diameter measurements done. Moreover, more accurate measurement is achieved in less time with the laser
system than with the conventional method using a large ruler. The system has been successfully used to measure the diameters
of hot cylindrical metallic shells. 相似文献
60.
Cullen RH Smarr CA Serrano-Baquero D McBride SE Beer JM Rogers WA 《Applied ergonomics》2012,43(6):1122-1130
The design of and training for complex systems requires in-depth understanding of task demands imposed on users. In this project, we used the knowledge engineering approach (Bowles et al., 2004) to assess the task of mowing in a citrus grove. Knowledge engineering is divided into four phases: (1) Establish goals. We defined specific goals based on the stakeholders involved. The main goal was to identify operator demands to support improvement of the system. (2) Create a working model of the system. We reviewed product literature, analyzed the system, and conducted expert interviews. (3) Extract knowledge. We interviewed tractor operators to understand their knowledge base. (4) Structure knowledge. We analyzed and organized operator knowledge to inform project goals. We categorized the information and developed diagrams to display the knowledge effectively. This project illustrates the benefits of knowledge engineering as a qualitative research method to inform technology design and training. 相似文献